Is undertaken using sensors that determine the acceleration of an element of a machine. This measurement is made using either seismic (inductive) sensors (Figure B 12) or using force sensors based on piezoelectrics.
The processing of accelerations is becoming more important for modern control systems. However, as the measurement of acceleration involves significant effort and the signals also often contain resonant frequencies, in the majority of cases the acceleration is determined by differentiating the travel or the velocity, or with the aid of an observer.
Figure B 12: Inductive acceleration measurement